Aplicação de calor no períneo durante o parto: uma revisão scoping
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53795/rapeo.v22.2022.22Resumo
Objetivo: Conhecer a evidência científica sobre a aplicação de calor no períneo durante o 2º estádio do trabalho de parto (TP).
Métodos: Foi utilizada a metodologia JBI para Scoping Reviews [1]. Foram realizadas pesquisas nas plataformas Medline, CINAHL e Cochrane em fevereiro de 2022 com a questão de investigação “Quais os efeitos da aplicação de calor no períneo da parturiente no 2º estádio de trabalho de parto?”. Uma pesquisa adicional foi realizada na Google Scholar. Não foram aplicados limites temporais e foram incluídos estudos na língua inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola. Foram excluídas teses de mestrado e doutoramento.
Resultados: 15 artigos foram analisados. Obteve-se uma redução significativa da dor durante o 2º estádio de TP e nos 2 primeiros dias pós-parto, maiores taxas de períneos íntegros no grupo de intervenção; nenhuma diferença nas taxas de laceração perineal de Grau I ou II, uma menor taxa de lacerações de Grau 3 e 4 e menores taxas de episiotomia.
Conclusões: A aplicação de calor no períneo durante o 2º estadio do TP reduz os níveis de dor, diminui as Lacerações de Grau 3 e 4 e alguns estudos revelaram o aumento da incidência de períneo íntegro e a diminuição do risco de episiotomia.
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